When something that has been labeled as dangerous occurs, the amygdala secretes hormones into the body to throw it into a “fight or flight” response. This theory would be Darwin-approved; a trigger in our brain to tell us that something is dangerous puts us in a state of heightened awareness.

Phobias differ in severity among people. Some individuals can just avoid the subject of their fear and suffer from relatively mild anxiety over that fear. Others will have full blown panic attacks. Most people understand that they are suffering from a fear that is not rational, but they unfortunately do not come equipped with the tools they might need to override their initial panic reaction.

Therapeutic treatment will typically work to take the memory and reaction that was perceived as harmful and replace it with a scenario that is more in tuned in with reality. That clown might make you feel uncomfortable, but he is most likely not out to get you.

Therapeutic approaches to treating phobias differ, and often different approaches will be taken concurrently. Introducing things to trigger small portions of phobia is one popular method. Therapists think that by systematically desensitizing their patients to the trigger, their response will be much less severe. Some therapists will utilize virtual reality or imagery exercises to accomplish this goal. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, an approach to psychology that focuses in on negative thought patterns and measures that one can take to change these thought patterns has shown to be successful as well.

As far as medicine is concerned, antidepressant medications like SSRIs and MAOIs can be helpful, and benzodiazepines may occasionally be used in acute treatment of severe symptoms. If you feel as though you may suffer from a phobia that inhibits your ability to deal with life, it is strongly encouraged that you seek help, therapy has been shown to be effective.

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